ERC Overview
The ERC helps offset wages paid by businesses that suspended operations due to a government order or experienced significant revenue reductions in 2020. An eligible employer calculates the ERC quarterly and claims the credit on its quarterly payroll tax return, Form 941. The change allowing PPP recipients to claim the ERC is retroactive to 2020, so employers who did not qualify for the original credit may now be eligible to claim it. However, an employer that receives PPP funds may not use the same wages for the ERC that it uses for PPP forgiveness. An employer that is eligible to retroactively claim the ERC for 2020 can claim the credit on an amended 4th quarter payroll tax return, Form 941-X. The employer can use that return to claim the ERC for any eligible quarters in 2020. The CAA also enhanced the ERC to provide more benefit and make more employers eligible in 2021. While the change allowing PPP recipients to claim the ERC applies to both 2020 and 2021, eligibility standards and how the credit is calculated differ significantly between the years (see chart).
The IRS is expected to issue guidance on how to apply for the 2020 credit. Particularly, the IRS should address the interaction between the ERC and PPP loan forgiveness.
Planning Considerations
To maximize the ERC, PPP borrowers who have not yet applied for loan forgiveness may find it beneficial to minimize the amount of payroll costs and maximize the other eligible costs that they use in their forgiveness applications. Also, if an employer is eligible for a second round of PPP funding, the covered period for loan forgiveness begins when the employer receives the loan. Consequently, an employer may be able to increase its ERC for the first quarter of 2021 by waiting until closer to the March 31 deadline to apply for its second PPP draw. An eligible employer can either receive a refund of the ERC or can reduce its federal payroll deposits to take the ERC into account. The IRS has been noticeably slow in processing refunds. If you believe you will qualify for the credit, reducing your deposits may be a better option. The amount of the ERC reduces the amount of the employer’s tax-deductible compensation. Employers that will apply for the 2020 ERC should wait to file their 2020 income tax returns until their ERC amounts are determined, which may necessitate filing for an extension.
Additional Assistance
The enhanced ERC will benefit many employers in 2021 that are still struggling from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. For businesses that will be able to retroactively claim the ERC in 2020, we advise patience. An employer has three years to file Form 941-X to claim the ERC, and waiting for the IRS to publish guidance will make the process go more smoothly. If you have questions about the ERC, the PPP, or any similar programs please contact us.
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Disclaimer of Liability
Our firm provides the information in this article for general guidance only, and does not constitute the provision of legal advice, tax advice, accounting services, investment advice or professional consulting of any kind. The information provided herein should not be used as a substitute for consultation with professional tax, accounting, legal or other competent advisors. Before making any decision or taking any action, you should consult a professional advisor who has been provided with all pertinent facts relevant to your particular situation. Tax articles in this blog are not intended to be used, and cannot be used by any taxpayer, for the purpose of avoiding accuracy-related penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer. The information is provided “as is,” with no assurance or guarantee of completeness, accuracy or timeliness of the information, and without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including but not limited to warranties of performance, merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
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